Tables

Conversion from g/m³ to vol. % (at 293 K and 1013 hPa)

Conversion tables

Component	Molecular mass	1 ppm in mg/m³	1 mg/m³ in ppm
CO	28	1.250	0.800
NO	30	1.339	0.747
SO₂	64	2.857	0.350
CO₂	44	1.964	0.509
CH₄	16	0.714	1.400
C₂H₄	28	1.250	0.800
C₂H₆	30	1.339	0.747
C₄H₁₀	58	2.589	0.386
C₃H₈	44	1.964	0.509
C₃H₆	42	1.875	0.533

Conversion ppm ↔ mg/m³ (1 atm; 0 °C), examples

	atm	bar	hPa	psia
atm	1	1.01325	1013.25	14.69595
bar	0.9869	1	1000	14.50377
hPa	0.0009869	0.001	1	0.0145038
psia	0.0680	0.06894	68.94	1

Conversion of pressure units

hPa	psia
420	6.091
500	7.251
600	8.202
800	11.603
1 000	14.503
1 160	16.824
1 200	17.404
1 300	18.854
1 485	21.538
1 500	21.755
2 000	29.007
3 000	43.511
3 500	50.763
4 000	58.015

Conversion hPa ↔ psia

Dew point/saturation table

Dew point		Water content
°C	°F	ppm (vol.)	g/m3 ¹⁾
-100	-148.0	0.014	0.0000103
-90	-130.0	0.008	0.000119
-80	-112.0	0.54	0.000565
-70	-94.0	2.57	0.00269
-60	-78.0	10.7	0.011
-55	-67.0	20.8	0.021
-50	-58.0	38.4	0.038
-48	-54.4	49.6	0.049
-46	-50.8	63.0	0.061
-45	-49.0	68.5	0.067
-44	-47.2	80.1	0.076
-42	-43.6	101.5	0.097
-40	-40.0	126.9	0.11
-39	-38.2	137.0	0.12
-38	-36.4	158.0	0.14
-37	-34.6	174.1	0.16
-36	-32.8	197.8	0.17
-35	-31.0	224.0	0.19
-34	-29.2	245.0	0.22
-33	-27.4	274.0	0.24
-32	-25.6	303.4	0.26
-31	-23.8	336.0	0.30
-30	-22.0	374	0.33
-29	-20.2	411	0.37
-28	-18.4	461	0.40
-27	-16.8	511	0.45
-26	-14.3	563	0.49
-25	-13.0	623	0.55
-24	-11.2	689	0.59
-23	-9.4	759	0.66
-22	-7.3	840	0.72
-21	-5.8	922	0.80
-20	-4.0	1 015	0.88
-19	-2.2	1 118	0.96
-18	-0.4	1 231	1.05
-17	+1.4	1 358	1.15
-16	+3.2	1 480	1.26
-15	+5.0	1 630	1.38
-14	+6.8	1 779	1.51
-13	+8.8	1 953	1.65
-12	+10.4	2 140	1.79
-11	+12.2	2 338	1.96
-10	+14.0	2 562	2.14
-9	+15.8	2 798	2.33
-8	+17.6	3 047	2.54
-7	+19.4	3 333	2.76
-6	+21.2	3 632	2.99
-5	+23.0	3 955	3.20
-4	+24.8	4 303	3.51
-3	+26.6	4 690	3.81
-2	+28.4	5 100	4.13
-1	+30.2	5 547	4.47
0	+32.0	6 020	4.84
+1	+33.8	6 480	5.2
+2	+36.8	6 850	5.6
+3	+37.4	7 487	6.0
+4	+39.2	8 022	6.4
+5	+41	8 595	6.8
+6	+42.8	9 216	7.3
+7	+44.6	9 875	7.8
+8	+46.4	10 584	8.3
+9	+48.2	11 318	8.8
+10	+50	12 114	9.4
+11	+51.8	12 935	10.0
+12	+53.6	13 806	10.7
+13	+55.4	14 800	11.4
+14	+57.2	15 796	12.1
+15	+59	16 791	12.8
+16	+60.8	17 885	13.6
+17	+62.6	19 030	14.5
+18	+64.4	20 396	15.4
+19	+66.2	21 641	16.3
+20	+68	23 020	17.3
+21	+69.8	24 502	18.3
+22	+71.6	26 120	19.4
+23	+73.4	27 736	20.6
+24	+75.2	29 477	21.8
+25	+77	31 219	23.0
+26	+78.8	33 209	24.4
+27	+80.6	35 200	25.8
+28	+82.4	37 312	27.2
+29	+84.2	39 551	28.7
+30	+86	41 791	30.3
+31	+87.8	44 322	32.0
+32	+89.6	46 936	33.5
+33	+91.4	49 675	35.6
+34	+93.2	52 539	37.2
+35	+95	55 472	39.6
+36	+96.8	58 639	41.3
+37	+98.6	62 001	43.8
+38	+100.4	65 487	45.8
+39	+102.2	68 973	48.4
+40	+104	71 761	50.7
+42	+107.6	81 049	56.5
+44	+111.2	89 889	62.3
+45	+113	94 527	65.3
+46	+114.8	99 600	68.7
+48	+118.4	110 681	75.5
+50	+122	120 398	82.3
+55	+131	155 472	104.0
+60	+140	196 517	129.5
+70	+158	307 212	196.5
+80	+176	467 662	290.5
+90	+194	691 542	418.0
+100	+212	1 000 980	558.0

1) Reference temperature = dew point temperature.

Guide values for dead time (sec) per meter of sample gas line

	4 mm	6 mm	8 mm	10 mm	12 mm	14 mm	16 mm	18 mm	20 mm
Q
30 l/h	1.5	3.4	6	9.4	13.5	18.4	24	30.5	37.6
60 l/h	0.8	1.7	3	4.7	6.8	9.2	12	15.3	18.8
90 l/h	0.5	1.1	2	3.1	4.5	6.1	8	10.2	12.5
120 l/h	0.4	0.9	1.5	2.4	3.4	4.6	6	7.6	9.4
150 l/h	0.3	0.7	1.2	1.9	2.7	3.7	4.8	6.1	7.5
180 l/h	0.3	0.6	1	1.6	2.3	3.1	4	5.1	6.3
210 l/h	0.2	0.5	0.9	1.3	1.9	2.6	3.4	4.3	5.4
240 l/h	0.2	0.5	0.8	1.2	1.7	2.3	3	3.8	4.7
270 l/h	0.2	0.4	0.7	1	1.5	2	2.7	3.4	4.2
300 l/h	0.15	0.34	0.6	0.9	1.4	1.8	2.4	3.1	3.8

d Inner diameter of sample gas lines

Q Flow rate

International standards

National standards also exist in most EU member states, and may be used in these countries in addition to the valid EN standards. In the Federal Republic of Germany, these are the DIN standards and the VDE regulations.

However, extensive harmonization has already been carried out in the explosion protection sector, and most standards now also exist as "DIN EN ...." versions, which have also been incorporated into the VDE regulations. DIN EN standards are identical to the corresponding EN standards, were special national features, e.g. concerning areas of validity etc., are formulated in a national foreword.

Topic	International		Europe/Germany		USA		Canada
			FM	UL	ANSI/ISA	Ex zone model	Ex Class Div. model	Miscellaneous
Ex: General regulations	IEC 60079-0	EN 50014/ VDE 0170/0171 - 1	FM 3600		ANSI/ISA-S12.0.01	CSA 79-0-95
Oil immersion "o"	IEC 60079-6	EN 50015/ DIN EN 50015, VDE 0170/0171 - 2		UL2279, Pt.6	ANSI/ISA-S12.26. 01	CSA-E79-6
Pressurized enclosure "p"	IEC 60079-2	EN 50016/ DIN EN 50016, VDE 0170/0171 - 3	FM 3620	(NFPA4 96)		CSA-E79-2	CSA TIL. E 13 A
Powder filling "q"	IEC 60079-5	EN 50017/ DIN EN 50017, VDE 0170/0171 - 4		UL2279, Pt.5	ANSI/ISA-S12.25. 01	CSA-E79-5
Flameproof enclosure "d"	IEC 60079-1	EN 50018/ DIN EN 50018, VDE 0170/0171 - 5	FM 3615	UL2279, Pt.1 UL1203	ANSI/ISA-S12.22. 01	CSA-E79-1	CSA C22.2 No. 30
Increased safety "e"	IEC 60079-7	EN 50019/ DIN EN 50019, VDE 0170/0171 - 6		UL2279, Pt.7	ANSI/ISA-S12.16. 01	CSA-E79-7
Intrinsic safety "i"	IEC 60079-11	EN 50020/ DIN EN 50020, VDE 0170/0171 - 7	FM 3610	UL2279, Pt.11 UL 913	pr ANSI/ISA-S12.02. 01	CSA-E79-11	CSA C22.2 No. 157
Degree of protection "n"	IEC 60079-15	EN 50021/ DIN EN 50021, VDE 0170/0171 - 8	FM 3611	UL2279, Pt.15	pr ANSI/ISA S12.12. 01	CSA-E79-15	CSA C22.2 No. 213
Encapsulation "m"	IEC 60079-18	EN 50028/ DIN EN 50028, VDE 0170/0171 - 9		UL2279, Pt.18	ANSI/ISA-S12.23. 01	CSA-E79-18
Zone 0	IEC 60079-26	EN 50284/ DIN EN 50284, VDE 0170/0171 - 12
Electrical safety	IEC 61010	EN 61010-1/ DIN EN 61010-1, VDE 0411 - 1			ANSI/ISA-82. 02.01			CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 1010.1

Comparison of international and European standards

European Standard	German standard	German title
EN 1127	DIN EN 1127-1	Explosive atmospheres - Explosion protection - Part 1: Fundamentals and method
EN 50039	DIN EN 50039, VDE 0170/0171 - 10	Electrical equipment for hazardous areas; intrinsically-safe electrical systems "i"
EN 13463-1	DIN EN 13 463-1	Non-electrical equipment for use in hazardous areas, Part 1: Fundamental method and requirements
EN 50281-1-1	DIN EN 50281-1-1, VDE 0170/0171 - 15-1-1	Electrical equipment for use in areas with combustible dust, Part 1-1: Electrical equipment with protection by enclosure
EN 60079-10	DIN EN 60079-10, VDE 165 Part 101	Electrical equipment for potentially explosive gas atmospheres, Part 10: Division of  potentially explosive areas
EN 60079-14	DIN EN 60079-14, VDE 165 Part 1	Electrical equipment for hazardous areas, Part 14: Electrical installations in potentially explosive areas (except underground excavation)
EN 60079-17	DIN EN 60079-17, VDE 0165 - 10	Electrical equipment for potentially explosive gas atmospheres, Part 17: Testing and maintenance of electrical installations in hazardous areas (except underground excavation)
EN 60950	DIN EN 60950, VDE 0805	Safety of information technology equipment, including electrical office machines

Harmonized European standards for explosion protection

	T 1 > 450 °C	T 2 > 300 °C	T 3 > 200 °C	T 4 > 135 °C	T 6 > 85 °C
I	Methane
II A	Acetone Ethane Ethyl acetate Ammonia Benzene (pure) Acetic acid Carbon monoxide Methane Methanol Propane Toluene	Ethyl alcohol i-amyl acetate n-butane n-butyl alcohol	Petrol Diesel fuel Aviation gasoline Fuel oil n-hexane	Acetaldehyde Ethyl ether
II B	Town gas (Illuminating gas)	Ethylene
II C	Hydrogen	Acetylene			Carbon disulfide

Classification of gases and vapors into explosion groups and temperature classes

Tables

Информационные материалы

Conversion tables

International standards